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Speeding tickets are, by far, the most common moving violation. If you want to fight a speeding ticket, there are two things you must know first:. This article focuses on how police measure drivers' speed.
The five most common methods are explained in more detail below. However, not all methods are allowed in all places. California, for example, forbids the use of timing devices over fixed distances, outlaws VASCAR, and forbids radar on some roads. In Pennsylvania, only the state police—not local law enforcement—can use radar, and VASCAR can be used only if the measured speed exceeds the posted speed limit by 10 miles per hour or more.
Many speeding tickets result from the police officer following or "pacing" a suspected speeder and using his or her own speedometer to clock the suspect's speed. With this technique, the officer must maintain a constant distance between the police vehicle and the suspect's car long enough to make a reasonably accurate estimate of its speed. Some states have rules requiring the officer to verify speed by pacing over a certain distance.
For example, at least one-eighth or one-fourth of a mile. In practice—even in states that don't require pacing over a minimum distance—most traffic officers will usually try to follow you for a reasonable distance to increase the effectiveness of their testimony, should you contest the ticket.
Which pacing it defense might be best just depends on the situation. But the basic idea behind all these defenses is to point out to the judge that, under the circumstances existing at the time, the officer's use of pacing could not have produced a reasonably accurate estimation of the driver's speed. There are two ways an aircraft officer determines your speed. The first is to calculate your speed by timing how long it takes for your vehicle to pass between two highway markings at a premeasured distance apart.
The second involves a kind of "pacing" of the target vehicle, but from the aircraft. The pilot uses a stopwatch to time its own passage over highway markings that are a known distance apart. Then the aircraft is used to pace your vehicle's speed. Under both methods, if a car is found to be speeding, a waiting ground patrol car is radioed to issue the ticket. If that ground patrol officer independently verifies your speed with a reliable methos such as radar, it generally diminishes the chances of beating the ticket.
When the ground unit measures your speed, the government no longer has to rely on the less accurate aircraft speed measurement to prove the violation in court. When the aircraft officer identifies a car going too fast either by pacing it or measuring its speed between two marks , the officer normally records the time, speed, vehicle color, and type, along with brief notes on the car, in what's usually called an "observation log. Here are some things to look for in the log:.
You may also see that the timing occurred over less than a minute, or even that your car was described as being a different make or color than it really is. Obviously, tidbits like these are extremely useful to prepare questions that cast doubt on the reliability of the pacer's observations.
The calculator divides the distance the target vehicle travels as recorded by the stopwatch by the time it took to travel that distance. VASCAR is not like a radar or laser gun, which gives a readout of a vehicle's speed by simply pointing and pulling the trigger. A VASCAR unit requires far more human input than radar or laser guns—which greatly increases the possibility of mistakes. When the officer sees the target vehicle pass one of two points, the officer pushes a button to start the electronic stopwatch, then pushes it again to stop it when the vehicle passes the second point.
VASCAR is obviously a much more flexible tool than pacing, since the officer doesn't have to be going the same speed as you are or follow you over any particular distance. As long as the officer manipulates the "time" and "distance" switches correctly and consistently, the officer can accurately track your speed.
For example, it is no easy thing to accurately push the "time" and "distance" buttons while observing the target pass between two points, at least one of which is almost sure to be far away from the officer.
And, of course, doing this accurately is even harder when the patrol car is moving. Because VASCAR accuracy can depends so heavily on the officer's reaction time, it's crucial to know the the distance over which the officer clocked you. You may be able to obtain this information from the officer prior to the court date by requesting it through a process called " discovery.
Because lots of speeding tickets involve the use of radar measurement systems not to be confused with LIDAR systems, discussed below , it's worth briefly taking a look at how radar works. The word "radar" is an acronym for "Radio Detection and Ranging. With police radar, that moving object is your car. Radar units generate the waves with a transmitter.
When they bounce back off your car, they are picked up and amplified by a receiver so they can be analyzed. What is Police Radar? As radar is a radio wave, the radar beam travels at the speed of light. If the radar gun is used inside a moving police car, its own movement must also be factored in. Factors as weather, rain and snow can affect the ability of the radar unit to send and receive.
Demerit Points. Insurance Implications. Licence Suspensions. Fighting Speeding Tickets. Class G Drivers. G1 Drivers. Types of Enforcement. Speeding Law.
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